In my earlier sporting years, when I found myself in a challenging situation during a rugby game, tennis match, or cycle race, I would often say to myself, “Come on Bob, you can do this” or “Come on Bob, you’re doing well here – just beat that other guy”. I never really knew how, where, or why I developed this type of self-talk, using my name rather than saying, “I can do this” or “I did well there and beat him”. If I had explained this phrasing to other people, they might have thought it was a little unusual. Yet it worked for me, because it helped me feel positive about myself even when I had not succeeded as expected. And now, new research helps explain why.
In a Harvard Business Review article, Pronouns Matter When Psyching Yourself Up, psychology researchers Ozlem Ayduk and Ethan Kross put it simply: “referring to yourself in the second or third person can make a difference”.
“We found that cueing people to reflect on intense emotional experiences using their names and non-first-person pronouns such as ‘you’ or ‘he’ or ‘she’ consistently helped them control their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. For example, in one study we found that participants who silently referred to themselves in the second or third person or used their own names while preparing for a five-minute speech were calmer and more confident and performed better on the task than those who referred to themselves using ‘I’ or ‘me.’”.
There is also an even more effective way to strengthen self-talk: